US Anthrax Vaccine Development Strengthened by Biodefense Prioritization, Federal Stockpiling, and Advanced Immunization
Anthrax remains a priority pathogen due to its potential for bioterrorism, occupational exposure, and sporadic natural outbreaks among livestock and humans. In the United States, anthrax
preparedness is driven by federal biodefense programs, strategic national stockpiling, and ongoing improvements in vaccine technology. The currently licensed anthrax vaccines, based on protective antigen components, require multiple doses and booster schedules. Continuous R&D efforts focus on next-generation formulations, adjuvant-enhanced vaccines, and recombinant platforms capable of rapid immune activation with fewer doses. Federal collaborations with advanced biomanufacturing facilities ensure readiness and rapid production capacity in case of bioterror emergencies.
Military personnel, laboratory workers, and certain agricultural professionals constitute primary risk groups. Government-funded preparedness programs ensure vaccine availability and safety monitoring, while clinical research focuses on improved immunogenicity, reduced side effects, and longer-lasting protection. New vaccine candidates explore protein-subunit formats, viral-vector-based delivery, and nucleic-acid technologies to strengthen immune response durability. Emergency-use frameworks support rapid deployment…